```python
import pygame
import random
初始化 Pygame
pygame.init()
定义常量
WIDTH, HEIGHT = 300, 600
BLOCK_SIZE = 30
GRID_WIDTH = WIDTH // BLOCK_SIZE
GRID_HEIGHT = HEIGHT // BLOCK_SIZE
颜色定义
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
COLORS = [(0, 255, 0), (0, 0, 255), (255, 255, 0), (255, 165, 0), (255, 0, 0), (128, 0, 128), (0, 255, 255)]
定义形状
SHAPES = [
[[1, 1, 1, 1]],
[[1, 1], [1, 1]],
[[1, 1, 0], [0, 1, 1]],
[[0, 1, 1], [1, 1, 0]],
[[1, 1, 1], [0, 1, 0]],
[[1, 1, 1], [1, 0, 0]],
[[1, 1, 1], [0, 0, 1]]
]
创建游戏窗口
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("俄罗斯方块")
初始化网格
grid = [[0] * GRID_WIDTH for _ in range(GRID_HEIGHT)]
class Tetromino:
def __init__(self):
self.shape = random.choice(SHAPES)
self.color = random.choice(COLORS)
self.x = GRID_WIDTH // 2 - len(self.shape[0]) // 2
self.y = 0
def move_down(self):
if self.can_move(0, 1):
self.y += 1
else:
self.lock()
return True
return False
def move_left(self):
if self.can_move(-1, 0):
self.x -= 1
def move_right(self):
if self.can_move(1, 0):
self.x += 1
def rotate(self):
rotated_shape = list(map(list, zip(*self.shape[::-1])))
if self.can_rotate(rotated_shape):
self.shape = rotated_shape
def can_move(self, dx, dy):
for y, row in enumerate(self.shape):
for x, cell in enumerate(row):
if cell:
new_x = self.x + x + dx
new_y = self.y + y + dy
if new_x < 0 or new_x>= GRID_WIDTH or new_y >= GRID_HEIGHT or (
new_y >= 0 and grid[new_y][new_x]):
return False
return True
def can_rotate(self, rotated_shape):
for y, row in enumerate(rotated_shape):
for x, cell in enumerate(row):
if cell:
new_x = self.x + x
new_y = self.y + y
if new_x < 0 or new_x>= GRID_WIDTH or new_y >= GRID_HEIGHT or (
new_y >= 0 and grid[new_y][new_x]):
return False
return True
def lock(self):
for y, row in enumerate(self.shape):
for x, cell in enumerate(row):
if cell:
grid[self.y + y][self.x + x] = self.color
def draw_grid():
for x in range(0, WIDTH, BLOCK_SIZE):
pygame.draw.line(screen, WHITE, (x, 0), (x, HEIGHT))
for y in range(0, HEIGHT, BLOCK_SIZE):
pygame.draw.line(screen, WHITE, (0, y), (WIDTH, y))
def draw_blocks():
for y, row in enumerate(grid):
for x, cell in enumerate(row):
if cell:
pygame.draw.rect(screen, cell, (x * BLOCK_SIZE, y * BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE))
def check_lines():
full_lines = []
for y, row in enumerate(grid):
if all(row):
full_lines.append(y)
for line in full_lines:
del grid[line]
grid.insert(0, [0] * GRID_WIDTH)
游戏主循环
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
fall_time = 0
fall_speed = 0.3
current_piece = Tetromino()
running = True
while running:
screen.fill(BLACK)
draw_grid()
draw_blocks()
# 绘制当前方块
for y, row in enumerate(current_piece.shape):
for x, cell in enumerate(row):
if cell:
pygame.draw.rect(screen, current_piece.color,
((current_piece.x + x) * BLOCK_SIZE, (current_piece.y + y) * BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE,
BLOCK_SIZE))
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
current_piece.move_left()
elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
current_piece.move_right()
elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
current_piece.move_down()
elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
current_piece.rotate()
# 自动下落
fall_time += clock.get_rawtime()
clock.tick()
if fall_time / 1000 >= fall_speed:
if current_piece.move_down():
check_lines()
current_piece = Tetromino()
if not current_piece.can_move(0, 0):
running = False
fall_time = 0
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.quit()
```
代码说明:
1. 初始化部分:
- 使用 `pygame.init()` 初始化 Pygame 库。
- 定义游戏窗口的大小、方块大小、网格的宽度和高度等常量。
- 定义颜色和形状列表。
2. 网格和方块类:
- `grid` 是一个二维列表,表示游戏的网格。
- `Tetromino` 类表示一个俄罗斯方块,包含形状、颜色、位置等属性,以及移动、旋转、锁定等方法。
3. 绘制函数:
- `draw_grid()` 函数用于绘制网格线。
- `draw_blocks()` 函数用于绘制已经锁定在网格中的方块。
4. 检查行满函数:
- `check_lines()` 函数用于检查是否有满行,如果有则删除该行,并在顶部添加一行空行。
5. 游戏主循环:
- 处理用户输入,包括左右移动、下落和旋转。
- 控制方块的自动下落速度。
- 当方块无法再下落时,将其锁定在网格中,并检查是否有满行。
- 如果新生成的方块无法放置,则游戏结束。
运行代码:
确保你已经安装了 Pygame 库,可以使用以下命令安装:
```sh
pip install pygame
```
将上述代码保存为一个 Python 文件(例如 `tetris.py`),然后在命令行中运行:
```sh
python tetris.py
```
这样就可以开始玩俄罗斯方块游戏了。